list of english phonetic symbols, signs and abbreviations chapter 1 english sounds 1.1 problems of english sound articulation 1.2 the english consonants 1.3 the english vowels 1.4 same spelling with different sounds chapter 2 word stress 2.1 importance of word stress in english 2.2 primary and secondary stress 2.3 placement of word stress chapter 3 rhythm 3.1 english rhythm components 3.2 correct pronunciation of a stressed syllable 3.3 recurrence of stressed syllables at regular intervals 3.4 reduction of unstressed vowels 3.5 weak forms of words 3.6 tone groups 3.7 fluency of speech chapter 4 phrase and sentence stress 4.1 phrase and sentence stress 4.2 stressed and unstressed words in an utterance 4.3 typical cases of phrase stress 4.4 words normally unstressed in an utterance 4.5 special cases of phrase stress 4.6 stress in sentences chafer 5 intonation 5.1 intonation and its func