Chapter 1 Invitations to Linguistics 1.1 Why Study Language? 1.2 What Is Language? 1.3 Design Features of Language 1.4 Origin of Language 1.5 Functions of Language 1.6 What Is Linguistics? 1.7 Main Branches of Linguistics 1.8 Macrolinguistics 1.9 Important Distinctions in Linguistics Further Reading Chapter 2 Speech Sounds 2.1 How Speech Sounds Are Made? 2.2 Consonants and Vowels 2.3 From Phonetics to Phonology 2.4 Phonological Processes,Phonological Rules and Distinctive Features 2.5 Suprasegmentals Further Reading Chapter 3 Lexicon 3.1 What Is Word? 3.2 The Formation of Word Further Reading Chapter 4 From Word to Text 4.1 Syntactic Relations 4.2 Grammatical Construction and Its Coonstituents 4.3 Syntactic Function 4.4 Category 4.5 Phrase Clause and Sentence 4.6 Recursiveness 4.7 Beyond the Sentence Further Reading Chapter 5 Meaning 5.1 Meanings of“MEANING” 5.2 The Referential Theory 5.3 Sense Relations 5.4 Componential Analysis 5.5 Sentence Meaning Further Reading Chapter 6 Language and Cognition 6.1 What Is Cognition? 6.2 What Is Psycholinguistics? 6.3 What Cognitive Linguistics? Further Reading Chapter 7 Language,Culture,and Society Chapter 8 Language in Use Chapter 9 Language and Literature Chapter 10 Language and Computer Chapter 11 Linguistics and Foreign Language Teaching Chapter 12 Theories and Schools of Modern Linguistics Questions and Exercises Bibliography Glossary and Index