U nit 28 Creativity in Group Work
团队中的创造性
有史以来,富有创意和灵感的天才人物实在****。现代社会生活的精细分工要求大多数人在团队中发挥协作能力,同时也为不同专业的人才提供了思维火花碰撞的空间和契机。面对共同的任务和利益,怎样才能做到人尽其才和通力协作呢?团队动力正是一个值得研究和探讨的管理概念。而在没有创造性就没有进步的
科研领域和团队中,这也是不容忽视的一个问题。
Although a creative act may be stimulated by others,one human )rain must always synthesize facts or impressions.Much of the work lone in research laboratories,however,requires group effort,SO it 1akes sense to evaluate how colleagues improve or impede the zreativity of individuals.
Team members work more amicably when they bring unique backgrounds,capacities,or attitudes to the group.If WE reduce turf- consciousness(地盘意识)and promote a spirit of mutual assistance,the creativity of such a group can be unleashed.
The fabulous achievements of American scientists during World War II demonstrate that success also depends on group loyalty or cohesion. Because members recognized the goals as vital and energies were focused on clear objectives, egotism was suppressed. These groups were able to achieve in a few short years what otherwise would have taken much longer.
Groups also become more cohesive when they have the prospect of profiting from success. Industrial research laboratories have begun putting such concepts of group dynamics into practice. When developing a new product, they assemble a team and assign its cost, production and marketing goals. These teams may be highly interdisciplinary -- with scientists specializing, for example, in theory, materials, and process engineering. Sometimes marketing people are included. The team spirit that often develops nourishes imagination and creativity.
Another factor is the size of a research group. Although the optimum size depends on many things, five or six is often a good one. Such groups can communic
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