CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Control Systems 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Brief History of Automatic Control 1.3 Examples of Control Systems 1.4 Engineering Design 1.5 Control System Design 1.6 Mechatronic Systems 1.7 Green Engineering 1.8 The Future Evolution of Control Systems 1.9 Design Examples 1.10 Sequential Design Example: Disk Drive Read System 1.11 Summary CHAPTER 2 Mathematical Models of Systems 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Differential Equations of Physical Systems 2.3 Linear Approximations of Physical Systems 2.4 The Laplace Transform 2.5 The Transfer Function of Linear Systems 2.6 Block Diagram Models 2.7 Signal-Flow Graph Models 2.8 Design Examples 2.9 The Simulation of Systems Using Control Design Software 2.10 Sequential Design Example: Disk Drive Read System 2.11 Summary CHAPTER 3 State Variable Models 3.1 Introduction 3.2 The State Variables of a Dynamic System 3.3 The State Differential Equation 3.4 Signal-Flow Graph and Block Diagram Models 3.5 Alternative Signal-Flow Graph and Block Diagram Models 3.6 The Transfer Function from the State Equation 3.7 The Time Response and the State Transition Matrix 3.8 Design Examples 3.9 Analysis of State Variable Models Using Control Design Software 3.10 Sequential Design Example: Disk Drive Read System 3.11 Summary CHAPTER 4 Feedback Control System Characteristics 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Error Signal Analysis 4.3 Sensitivity of Control Systems to Parameter Variations 4.4 Disturbance Signals in a Feedback Control System 4.5 Control of the Transient Response 4.6 Steady-State Error 4.7 The Cost of Feedback 4.8 Design Examples 4.9 Control System Characteristics Using Control Design Software 4.10 Sequential Design Example: Disk Drive Read System 4.11 Summary CHAPTER 5 The Performance of Feedback Control Systems 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Test Input Signals 5.3 Performance of Second-Order Systems 5.4 Effects of a Third Pole and a Zero on the Second-Order System Response 5.5 The s-Plane Root Location and the Transient Response 5.6 The Steady-State Error of Feedback Control Systems 5.7 Performance Indices 5.8 The Simplification of Linear Systems 5.9 Design Examples 5.10 System Performance Using Control Design Software 5.11 Sequential Design Example: Disk Drive Read System 5.12 Summary CHAPTER 6 The Stability of Linear Feedback Systems 6.1 The Concept of Stability 6.2 The Routh–Hurwitz Stability Criterion 6.3 The Relative Stability of Feedback Control Systems 6.4 The Stability of State Variable Systems 6.5 Design Examples 6.6 System Stability Using Control Design Software 6.7 Sequential Design Example: Disk Drive Read System 6.8 Summary CHAPTER 7 The Root Locus Method 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The Root Locus Concept 7.3 The Root Locus Procedure 7.4 Parameter Design by the Root Locus Method 7.5 Sensitivity and the Root Locus 7.6 PID Controllers 7.7 Negative Gain Root Locus 7.8 Design Examples 7.9 The Root Locus Using Control Design Software 7.10 Sequential Design Example: Disk Drive Read System 7.11 Summary CHAPTER 8 Frequency Response Methods 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Frequency Response Plots 8.3 Frequency Response Measurements 8.4 Performance Specifications in the Frequency Domain 8.5 Log Magnitude and Phase Diagrams 8.6 Design Examples 8.7 Frequency Response Methods Using Control Design Software 8.8 Sequential Design Example: Disk Drive Read System 8.9 Summary CHAPTER 9 Stability in the Frequency Domain 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Mapping Contours in the s-Plane 9.3 The Nyquist Criterion 9.4 Relative Stability and the Nyquist Criterion 9.5 Time-Domain Performance Criteria in the Frequency Domain 9.6 System Bandwidth 9.7 The Stability of Control Systems with Time Delays 9.8 Design Examples 9.9 PID Controllers in the Frequency Domain 9.10 Stability in the Frequency Domain Using Control Design Software 9.11 Sequential Design Example: Disk Drive Read System 9.12 Summary CHAPTER 10 The Design of Feedback Control Systems 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Approaches to System Design 10.3 Cascade Compensation Networks 10.4 Phase-Lead Design Using the Bode Diagram 10.5 Phase-Lead Design Using the Root Locus 10.6 System Design Using Integration Networks 10.7 Phase-Lag Design Using the Root Locus 10.8 Phase-Lag Design Using the Bode Diagram 10.9 Design on the Bode Diagram Using Analytical Methods 10.10 Systems with a Prefilter 10.11 Design for Deadbeat Response 10.12 Design Examples 10.13 System Design Using Control Design Software 10.14 Sequential Design Example: Disk Drive Read System 10.15 Summary CHAPTER 11 The Design of State Variable Feedback Systems 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Controllability and Observability 11.3 Full-State Feedback Control Design 11.4 Observer Design 11.5 Integrated Full-State Feedback and Observer 11.6 Reference Inputs 11.7 Optimal Control Systems 11.8 Internal Model Design 11.9 Design Examples 11.10 State Variable Design Using Control Design Software 11.11 Sequential Design Example: Disk Drive Read System 11.12 Summary CHAPTER 12 Robust Control Systems 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Robust Control Systems and System Sensitivity 12.3 Analysis of Robustness 12.4 Systems with Uncertain Parameters 12.5 The Design of Robust Control Systems 12.6 The Design of Robust PID-Controlled Systems 12.7 The Robust Internal Model Control System 12.8 Design Examples 12.9 The Pseudo-Quantitative Feedback System 12.10 Robust Control Systems Using Control Design Software 12.11 Sequential Design Example: Disk Drive Read System 12.12 Summary CHAPTER 13 Digital Control Systems 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Digital Computer Control System Applications 13.3 Sampled-Data Systems 13.4 The z-Transform 13.5 Closed-Loop Feedback Sampled-Data Systems 13.6 Performance of a Sampled-Data, Second-Order System 13.7 Closed-Loop Systems with Digital Computer Compensation 13.8 The Root Locus of Digital Control Systems 13.9 Implementation of Digital Controllers 13.10 Design Examples 13.11 Digital Control Systems Using Control Design Software 13.12 Sequential Design Example: Disk Drive Read System 13.13 Summary APPENDIX A MATLAB Basics References Index