前言
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.What Is Linguistics?
1.1 Definition of Linguistics
1.2 Main Branches of Linguistics
1.3 Why Study Language?
2.What Is Language?
2.1 Definition of Language
2.2 Design Features of Language
3.Important Distinctions in Linguistics
3.1 Prescriptive Vs.Descriptive
3.2 Synchronic Vs.Diachronic
3.3 Speech Vs.Writing
3.4 Langue Vs.Parole
3.5 Competence Vs.Performance
Exercises
Further Readings
Chapter 2 Phonetics
1.The Phonic Medium of Language
2.Phonetics
2.1 What Is Phonetics?
2.2 Organs of Speech
2.3 Classification of English Speech Sounds
2.4 Broad Transcription and Narrow Transcription
Exercises
Further Readings
Chapter 3 Phonology
1.General Introduction to Phonology
2.Basic Concepts of Phonology
2.1 Phone, Phoneme and Allophone
2.2 Phonemic Contrast, Complementary Distribution and Minimal Pair
3.Some Phonological Rules
3.1 Sequential Rules
3.2 Assimilation Rules
4.Suprasegmental Features: Stress, Tone and Intonation
4.1 Stress
4.2 Tone
4.3 Intonation
Exercises
Further Readings
Chapter 4 Morphology
1.Morphology
2.Morphemes
3.Types of Morphemes
3.1 Free Morphemes
3.2 Bound Morphemes
4.Allomorph
5.Word Formation Rules
5.1 Compounding
5.2 Derivation
5.3 Conversion
5.4 Clipping
5.5 Initialism
5.6 Acronym
5.7 Blending
5.8 Back—formation
Exercises
Further Reading
Chapter 5 Syntax
1.Syntactic Categories
2.Combinational Rules
3.Sentence Structure
3.1 The Structural Approach and IC Analysis
3.2 Advantages and Problems of IC Analysis
3.3 Transformational—generative Grammar
4.Universal Grammar
4.1 The Observational Basis of UG
4.2 General Principles of UG
4.3 General Parameters of UG
Exercises
Further Readings
Chapter 6 Semantics
1.General Introduction
2.Approaches to Semantics
2.1 The Naming Theory
2.2 The Conceptualist Theory
2.3 Contextualism
2.4 Behaviorism
3.Lexical Meaning
3.1 Sense and Reference
3.2 Major Semantic Relationships between Words
4.Sentence Meaning
5.Analysis of Meaning
5.1 Cornponential Analysis——a Way to Analyze Lexical Meaning
5.2 Predication Analysis——a Way to Analyze Sentence Meaning
Exercises
Further Readings
Chapter 7 Pragmatics
1.What Is Pragmatics?
2.Context
3.Presupposition
4.Speech Acts
5.Cooperative Principle and Conversational Implications
6.Deixis
7.Politeness Principle
Exercises
Further Readings
……
Chapter 8 Language and Society
Chapter 9 Language and Culture
Chapter 10 Language and Acquisition
Chapter 11 Cognitive Linguistics
Chapter 12 Computer and Linguistics
References