《高级英语(第三版)精读精解1》李正林张名高

内容提要

在供英语专业高年级精读使用的教材中,《**英语》(张汉熙主编)堪称是一套深受教师和学生喜爱的经典教材。说它经典,是因为在内容上这套教材涉及面颇广,每篇课文都是帮助学生陶冶情操、提高欣赏水平的范文;在语言方面这套教材尤显地道、活泼,其词汇量之大、修辞手法之丰富更是给使用者留下了深刻的印象。因此,这套教材虽已有20多年的历史(2011年出版了第三版),仍一直是英语专业所推崇的**教材。然而,根据我们多年的教学经验,我们发现学生在使用这套教材时普通感到有相当的难度。因此,针对这套教材的特点,我们编写了《**英语精读精解》(第三版)(**册和第二册),以帮助学生更加深刻、快捷的理解课文,掌握和运用所学语言。
《**英语精读精解》(第三版)(以下简称《精读精解》)的编写按《**英语》(第三版)的课文编写顺序进行,每课的内容由“词汇注释”、“短语表达”、“课文理解”、“习题解析”四个部分组成,具有以下显著特点:
1.英汉双语解释词汇。用英汉双语解释词汇帮助学生在认识词汇的基础上体味词汇的原义,真正掌握词的概念,以避免用汉语符号随意替代英语概念。
2.下划线注明**词汇短语。
3.同

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Lesson
one Face to
Face with Hurricane Camile
词汇注释
hurricane['hrikn,-kin] n. a violent storm with extremely strong winds,
often happen in the western American Ocean 飓风
【例句】 Hurricanes generally occur in the tropics. 飓风通常发生热带地区。
同义词:cyclone旋风,typhoon台风,whirlwind 旋风,tornado 龙卷风,wa- terspout海上龙卷风,twister陆地龙卷风,breeze微风,gale大风,zephyr 西风,monsoon季风,dry monsoon冬季季风,wet monsoon夏季季风
lash [l] v. to strike with great force;dash
against 猛烈冲击,拍打
【例句】 The waves lashed the
smooth cliffs.波浪冲击着光滑的硝壁。
pummel ['pmsl] v. to keep hitting hard repeatedly,esp.
with the fist(尤指用拳头)连续地打
【例句】 The thief was pushed and pummeled by an angry crowd. ~*群人推搡并痛打小偷。
同义词:beat,pound,thrash,flog,whip,maul
beat*为常用,指使用手脚或工具等重复敲击;pound打击的力度比beat更大;pummel暗示用拳头连续不停地殴打某人;thrash原指用连枷敲打谷物,现指连续敲打,连续重击;flog暗示用皮带或鞭子抽打而予以惩罚;whip往往与flog意思相同,尤其强调抽打的动作;maul暗示连续殴打的后果如伤痕或肌肉撕伤。
reluctant [ri'lktant] adj. unwilling;opposed in mind;disinclined
勉强的
【例句】 She seemed reluctant to join in the discussion.她似乎不愿意参加讨论。
同义词:disinclined, hesitant, loath, averse
reluctant暗示由于厌恶或犹豫而不愿做某事;disinclined指由于不喜欢或不赞成而对某事不感兴趣;hesitant暗示由于恐惧或犹豫而避免做某事;loath指极度厌恶或反感,用作表语;averse用以形容持续的,但不偏激的厌恶。
反义词:inclined,disposed,eager
course[ks] n. a regular mode or manner of action or
behavior; way of doing 行为,品行,做法
【例句】 Now the best course of
action is to increase tax on alcohol.现在*佳的对策就是提高酒税。
demolish [di'mli] v. to pull or tear down(a
building etc.),
smash to pieces拆毁
【例句】
Several houses were demolished to
make way for the new road.为了修建新路,一些房子被拆除了。
同义词:destroy,raze,annihilate
destroy一词*为常见,主要强调破坏的力度之大和彻底程度,一般不带感情或修辞色彩;demolish和raze通常用于巨大物体,如大型建筑物等,demolish常用引申义,指任何复合体的被毁,raze几乎无一例外地用于指建筑物的被毁;annihilate在这些词中所表示的损坏程度*为强烈,字面意思是“化为乌有”,但实际上往往用于指对人或物的严重损伤,如:annihilate
an enemy force(使敌军遭到重创),不仅没有还手之力,而且没有招架之功;annihilate
one,s
opponent in a debate(彻底驳倒对手)。
elevate[ 'eliveit] v. to raise,lift up 举起,抬高
【例句】elevate the leg抬起腿
同义词:lift,raise, rear, hoist, boost
lift*为常用,指用体力或机械力把某物从地面举到一定的高度;raise往往可以与lift互换,但着重垂直高举或将物件由较低处移至较高处的适宜位置,以发挥应有的作用;elevate指提高(嗓子、思想)等;rear与raise用法相同,但多用于文学作品中;hoist通过机械手段将沉重的物体抬起;boost多用于口语中,指由后面或下面的力量的推力抬起。
反义词:lower
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短语表达
reason out: to find out an explanation or solution to a problem,by
thinking of all the possibilities寻找解决途径
【例句】Let,s reason this out instead of quarrelling.让我们不要争吵,商量出事情的解决方案。
a good:at
least,full 至少,*少
【例句】They
waited a good eight hours.他们等了至少8个小时。
sit out: stay
until the end of 坐到结束
【例句】We
forced ourselves to sit the play out.我们强迫自己坐到演出结束。
come by:to
make a short visit to a place on one,s way 顺便拜访
【例句】I,ll come by the house and get my stuff
later,OK?我会顺便过来取材料,好吗?
by the minute:every
minute,minute
by minute 一分钟一分钟地
【例句】I,m
feeling better by the minute.我每分钟都感觉好多了。
on the verge of:on the edge of,on
the brink of接近于,瀕临于
【例句】
Scientists are on the verge of a
major breakthrough.科学家们即将取得一项重大突破。
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课文理解
Ⅰ.背景介绍
1. Hurricane:a
tropical storm in which winds attain speeds greater than 75 miles (121
kilometers) per hour. The term is often restricted to those storms occurring
over the North Atlantic Ocean. Incipient(初始的)hurricanes
usually form over the tropical Atlantic Ocean and mature as they drift
westward. Hurricanes also occasionally form off the west coast of Mexico and
move northeastward from that area. An average of 3.5tropical storms per year
eventually mature into hurricanes along the east coast of North America,usually
over the Caribbean Sea or Gulf of Mexico.
Similar
storms occurring over the West Pacific Ocean and China Seas are called typhoons
and those over the Indian Ocean are called tropical cyclones(热带方旋风).Hurricanes
are given girls,names and typhoons are given serial
numbers(序号).The
National Weather Service of the United States has used girls,names
to identify hurricanes in the Atlantic,Caribbean,and Gulf of
Mexico since 1953 and the names were given in alphabetical order(按字母川页序).A
semi-pennanent list of 10 sets of names in alphabetical order was established
in 1971. This practice of giving girls’ names to hurricanes has changed
recently. In 1980 a hurricane was given a man ’ s name and was called Hurricane
David.
飓风,是一股巨大而强劲的风暴,旋转的风速可达每小时120公里,常被气象学家称为热带风暴。它一般都以每小时20公里的速度,沿着通常的风向掠过海面。通常飓风在热带大西洋开始成形,然后逐渐在西移的过程中完全形成。有时也会在墨西哥西岸开始成形,然后逐渐朝东北方向移动。在北美洲东岸地区,加勒比海和海港湾上空,每年平均有3.5次风暴会形成飓风。发生在西太平洋和中国海上的类似风暴被称作台风,形成于印度洋的风暴叫热带风暴。1953年以来,美国**气象台用女性名字来命名大西洋、加勒比海和墨西哥海湾的飓风,这些名字按字母顺序排列。一个半球性的,按字母排序排列的十组姓名名单于1971年被确定。用女性姓名来命名飓风的习惯近来巳有所改变。1980年人们用男子姓名命名了一场飓风,叫戴维号飓风。
2.
Hurricane Betsy:
Betsy was a huge storm,which lashed Florida, Mississippi and
Louisiana in 1965 from Sept. 7—10,causing
the death of 75 persons.
飓风贝齐,卡米尔飓风前的一次飓风,发生于1965年9月7至10日,造成75人死亡。
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Ⅱ.全文概述<sp

Lesson One Face to Face with Hurricane Camile
词汇注释
短语表达
课文理解
Ⅰ.背景介绍
Ⅱ.全文概述
Ⅲ.美文欣赏及写作特点
Ⅳ.核心内容解析
Ⅴ.参考译文
习题解析
Lesson Two Hiroshima-the "Liveliest” City in Japan (Excerpts)
词汇注释
短语表达
课文理解
Ⅰ.背景介绍
Ⅱ.全文概述
Ⅲ.美文欣赏及写作特点
Ⅳ.核心内容解析
Ⅴ.参考译文
习题解析
Lesson Three Blackmail
词汇注释
短语表达
课文理解
Ⅰ.背景介绍
Ⅱ.全文概述
Ⅲ.美文欣赏及写作特点
Ⅳ.核心内容解析
Ⅴ.参考译文
习题解析
Lesson Four The Trail That Rocked the World
...........
Lesson Five The Libido for the Ugly
...........
Lesson Six Mark Twain—Mirror of America ( Excerpts )
..........
Lesson Seven Everyday Use
Lesson Eight Three Cups of Tea ( Excerpts)
Lesson Nine “A More Perfect Union”(Part I)
Lesson Ten “A More Perfect Union”(Part II)
Lesson Eleven The Way to Rainy Mountain
Lesson Twelve Ships in the Desert (Edited)
Lesson Thirteen No Signposts in the Sea ( Excerpts)
Lesson Fourteen Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U. S. S. R
Lesson Fifteen Argentia Bay ( Excerpts)
参考文献